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What Is Shoulder Subluxation? Causes, Symptoms & Treatment Options

August 19, 2025

A shoulder subluxation is a partial dislocation of the shoulder joint where the ball of the upper arm bone (humerus) slips partway out of the socket (glenoid) and then returns. Unlike a full dislocation, the bone doesn't completely come out, but it still causes pain, instability, and risk of future injury.

What Is a Shoulder Subluxation?

The shoulder is a highly mobile but less stable joint. A shoulder subluxation happens when:

  • The humeral head moves partially out of the socket

  • The joint may slip or shift, often popping back in

  • Soft tissues (ligaments, labrum, capsule) are stretched or injured

Many people confuse a subluxation with a full dislocation. If you’re unsure about the difference, check out our guide on shoulder subluxation vs. dislocation to understand how the two conditions compare.

What Causes Shoulder Subluxation?

Common causes include:

  • Sports injuries - contact and overhead sports

  • Trauma - falls or collisions

  • Repetitive stress - overuse of the shoulder

  • Weak or loose ligaments - sometimes from genetics

  • Neurological conditions - reduced muscle control after stroke or nerve injury

What Are the Symptoms of Shoulder Subluxation?

Typical signs include:

  • A feeling of the shoulder "slipping out"

  • Pain or discomfort with movement

  • Looseness or instability

  • Limited motion or weakness

  • Swelling or bruising

  • Recurrent partial dislocations

How Is Shoulder Subluxation Treated?

Non-Surgical Options:

  1. Rest and activity modification - avoid overhead stress.

  2. Shoulder braces for subluxation - provide stability and alignment.Shop our shoulder subluxation braces.

  3. Physical therapy - strengthen stabilizing muscles.

  4. Ice and anti-inflammatories - reduce pain and swelling.

Surgical Options:

  • Considered for severe or recurrent subluxations.

  • Involves tightening ligaments or repairing the labrum.

Can a Shoulder Subluxation Heal on Its Own?

Yes, mild subluxations can improve with rest, bracing, and rehab. However, repeated subluxations often require physical therapy or surgery to restore stability and prevent long-term damage.

How Do You Prevent Shoulder Instability?

  • Maintain rotator cuff and shoulder muscle strength

  • Use a brace during high-risk activities

  • Warm up before sports

  • Avoid repetitive overhead strain

  • Follow through with rehab after an injury

Final Thoughts

A shoulder subluxation may not be as dramatic as a full dislocation, but it can cause lasting instability if ignored. With proper treatment - including rest, rehab, and the best shoulder brace for shoulder subluxation - most people return to full activity.

See our complete selection of shoulder subluxation braces designed to keep your shoulder aligned and reduce painful shifting.