Meniscectomy: What to Expect From Meniscus Surgery

A meniscectomy is a common orthopedic procedure used to treat a torn meniscus-a crescent-shaped cartilage in the knee that cushions and stabilizes the joint. While some meniscus tears can heal with conservative treatment, others may require surgical intervention, particularly when the tear interferes with mobility or causes persistent pain.

In this article, we'll explore everything you need to know about meniscectomy: what it is, why it's performed, the recovery process, risks, outcomes, and how to support recovery post-surgery.

What Is a Meniscectomy?

A meniscectomy is a surgical procedure in which a portion-or, in some cases, all-of the damaged meniscus cartilage in the knee is removed. It can be performed as:

• Partial Meniscectomy - Only the torn or damaged part of the meniscus is removed. This is the most common approach and helps preserve as much healthy cartilage as possible.

• Total Meniscectomy - The entire meniscus is removed. This is rarely done today due to long-term joint health concerns.

Meniscectomies are usually done arthroscopically (minimally invasive), using small incisions, a camera, and surgical tools.

Why Is a Meniscectomy Performed?

Your orthopedic surgeon may recommend a meniscectomy if:

• You have a complex or degenerative meniscus tear that cannot be repaired

• The tear causes knee locking, catching, or instability

• Conservative treatments like physical therapy and bracing haven't worked

• You need to return to physical activity or sports safely

• You've developed mechanical symptoms like joint grinding or limited motion

Common causes of meniscus tears include:

• Sports injuries (pivoting, twisting)

• Degeneration due to aging or osteoarthritis

• Trauma or repetitive stress

How Is a Meniscectomy Performed?

The surgery is typically performed as an outpatient procedure, taking about 30 to 60 minutes.

Procedure Steps:

1. Anesthesia - Local, regional, or general anesthesia is used

2. Arthroscopy - Small incisions are made to insert a tiny camera and instruments

3. Meniscus Trimming - The surgeon trims or removes the damaged part of the meniscus

4. Flush & Inspect - The joint is cleaned of debris and checked for other injuries

5. Closure - Incisions are closed with sutures or surgical strips

Meniscectomy Recovery: Timeline & Expectations

Recovery depends on the extent of the surgery, your overall health, and your activity goals.

General Timeline:

Most people return to desk work within 1 week and sports within 6-8 weeks after a partial meniscectomy.

Risks and Complications

While meniscectomy is a low-risk procedure, some potential complications include:

• Infection

• Blood clots (rare)

• Joint stiffness or weakness

• Progression of knee osteoarthritis

• Recurrent knee pain if cartilage wear continues

Your surgeon will review your risk profile based on age, activity level, and other health factors.

Meniscectomy vs. Meniscus Repair

In many cases, surgeons prefer repair to preserve meniscus function-but when repair isn't possible, partial meniscectomy is a safe and effective option.

Supporting Recovery After Meniscectomy

To optimize recovery, patients should:

• Follow a structured physical therapy program

• Use a knee brace if recommended by your surgeon

• Ice the knee regularly to reduce swelling

• Avoid high-impact activities until cleared

• Use anti-inflammatory medications as directed

Recommended Products for Post-Meniscectomy Recovery:

• Hinged knee braces - Help stabilize the joint and prevent re-injury

• Cold therapy machines - Reduce pain and inflammation

• Compression sleeves - Improve circulation and support soft tissues

Long-Term Outlook After Meniscectomy

Most patients experience significant pain relief and functional improvement after meniscectomy-especially when the tear caused mechanical symptoms. However, complete meniscus removal may slightly increase the risk of developing knee osteoarthritis over time.

Staying active, maintaining a healthy weight, and doing regular strengthening exercises can help preserve joint health.

When to Call Your Doctor

Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience:

• Excessive swelling or bleeding

• Signs of infection (fever, warmth, redness)

• Persistent pain not relieved by rest or medication

• Numbness or tingling in the leg

Final Thoughts: Is Meniscectomy Right for You?

A meniscectomy is often a safe, effective treatment for individuals with non-repairable meniscus tears causing pain, instability, or limited mobility. When performed appropriately and followed with proper rehab, most patients return to their normal activities with little downtime.

Before deciding, consult with an orthopedic specialist to determine whether meniscus repair or removal is the best approach for your specific condition.

Related Resources:

• Best Knee Braces for Meniscus Tear

• How to Prevent Knee Osteoarthritis After Meniscus Surgery